Molecular Biology
Molecular biology comprises of a variety of techniques such as PCR, DNA/RNA sequencing, DNA microarrays, and electrophoresis. These techniques are used in many fields, including pure research, medical diagnostics, forensics, and agriculture.
Purified water is a reagent used in these experiments for sample and media preparation, in mobile phases of liquid chromatography techniques, and in rinsing steps.
The use of impure water can release nucleases into the water, which may lead to the degradation of nucleic acids. It may also lead to erroneous results as well as interfere with the separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis.
Ultra pure water with nuclease levels below the limit of detection is essential to avoid degradation of the DNA/RNA during PCR, sequencing, electrophoresis, and the preparation and use of microarrays.